What does "turbidity" measure in terms of water quality?

Turbidity measures the clarity of water based on the presence and density of suspended particles within it. When water is turbid, it appears cloudy or murky due to the particles that scatter light, which can include sediments, algae, and other organic materials. High turbidity levels can indicate potential water quality issues, as they can harbor pathogens and hinder the effectiveness of disinfectants. Therefore, understanding turbidity is essential for assessing the overall clarity of water, which is an important factor in ensuring it meets safe drinking standards.

The other options pertain to different aspects of water quality. Dissolved oxygen pertains to the amount of oxygen available for aquatic organisms, while color intensity deals with the color differences that might result from dissolved organic materials or other pollutants. Additionally, temperature fluctuations impact physical and biological processes in water bodies, but do not relate to water clarity. Focusing on turbidity gives insight into the physical state and potential biological implications of the water's quality.