What is a common reason communities add fluoride to drinking water?

Communities commonly add fluoride to drinking water primarily to improve public health by preventing tooth decay. The practice of fluoridation is supported by numerous studies that demonstrate how fluoride helps to strengthen tooth enamel and make teeth more resistant to decay. This is especially beneficial in communities where access to dental care may be limited, as it provides a preventive measure against cavities for the entire population.

Fluoride acts systematically when ingested and topically when applied to the surface of teeth, providing protection during the critical periods of tooth development in children and continuing to aid in remineralization in adults. The public health initiative of water fluoridation has been recognized widely for its effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of dental caries in the general population.

Other choices do not align with the primary reasons for adding fluoride to drinking water. For instance, enhancing the smell of water, reducing energy costs, or softening water do not relate to the established benefits of fluoride concerning oral health.