What is a potential health risk associated with lead in drinking water?

Lead in drinking water is a significant public health concern because of its potential to cause neurological damage, particularly in children. Exposure to lead can disrupt the development of the brain and nervous system, leading to long-term cognitive impairments and behavioral issues. Children are more susceptible to these harmful effects due to their developing brains and higher rates of water consumption relative to their body weight compared to adults.

Neurological damage from lead exposure can manifest in various ways, including reduced IQ, difficulties in learning, and increased risk of attention and behavior problems. This is supported by extensive research linking lead exposure to diminished intellectual abilities and significant developmental delays.

In contrast, reduced energy levels, increased body temperature, and heightened alertness do not have established connections with lead exposure in drinking water. These options do not represent the direct, harmful effects that lead can impose on human health, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children.