Why might disinfection be added to the water treatment process?

Disinfection is a critical step in the water treatment process primarily aimed at controlling harmful microorganisms that can be present in the water supply, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. By adding a disinfection process, utilities can significantly reduce the risk of waterborne diseases and ensure that the water is safe for human consumption.

While other aspects of water quality, such as taste, odor, and hardness, are often addressed through different treatment methods—like filtration or chemical additives—disinfection specifically targets the biological safety of the water. Control of nuisance biological growths also addresses issues like biofilm development within the water distribution system that can harbor bacteria and impact overall water quality.

This focus makes disinfection a vital procedure not merely for addressing immediate health concerns but also for maintaining the overall integrity of the water system, which is essential for public health and safety.